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Turin King List 2023 reconstruction Turin King List 2023 reconstruction

Turin King List

This unique, heavily fragmented 3,300-year-old papyrus roll, also known as the Royal Canon of Turin, contains the most detailed chronological record of Egyptian pharaohs, forming the foundation of ancient Egyptian chronology.

Abydos Canon

Manetho

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Link to Thutmose III and link to page. This one is not visited Emperor Nero.

Manetho was an Egyptian priest who lived in the 3c B.C. and wrote one or more books in Greek to acquaint the Mediterranean world with the history and civilization of his country. His original works have perished; what has survived has been transmitted to us as fragments in about a dozen ancient authors, the most important of whom are Josephus, who quotes long passages of connected discourse, and Eusebius and the Christian chronographer Africanus, who for the most part have preserved dry lists of Egyptian kings, grouped by "Dynasties" and only infrequently relieved by a bit of context. For many centuries — once the knowledge of hieroglyphics had been lost — the writings of Manetho, mangled as they are, were one of the world's chief sources of information on Egyptian history; only with the 19c decipherment of hieroglyphics and archaeological investigations was Manetho slowly superseded in favor of first-hand knowledge from the papyri and tombs of Egypt themselves.