PHARAOH.SE
The sixteenth pharaoh of the Ptolemaic Dynasty
Also known as: Ptolemaios Philopator Philometor Caesarion
Accession 44 BC
End of reign 30 BC
Duration 14 years
Technically the last pharaoh of Egypt, nicknamed Caesarion, meaning “Little Caesar”, after his father, Julius Caesar. He co-ruled with his mother Cleopatra VII from 44 BC until her death in 30 BC. He subsequently ruled alone, but only for a very short time, until Octavian (soon to become the first Roman emperor, Augustus) ordered his assassination. Octavian, whose claim to power was founded on his status as Julius Caesar's grandnephew and adoptive son, was directly threatened by Caesar's true son, despite that Caesar hadn't officially acknowledged him.
Titulary & Hieroglyphs
References
- Gauthier, H. Le livre des rois d'Égypte. MIFAO 20 (1915): pp. 419–421
- Beckerath, J., 1999. “Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen”, 2 ed., MÄS 49 (1999): pp. 246–247
- Leprohon, R. J., 2013. The Great Name: Ancient Egyptian Royal Titulary. pp. 188